Eruzioni inusuali
1.8.2003
Fine del flusso lavico
5.4.2003
Effetti dell'esplosione
La esplosione
Una forte esplosione si è verificata a Stromboli (Cratere di NE) questa mattina, circa alle 9.15 ora locale (7h15 GMT). Una grande colonna di cenere si è alzata sulla cima per diverse centinaia di metri, e un forte boato è stato udito in paese, assieme a rumore di pietre che cadevano lungo il pendio. La morfologia del cratere ha subito consistenti cambiamenti in seguito all'esplosione.
I nostri sismometri hanno rilevato l'evento ma poi uno dei sensori pare essere rimasto danneggiato:
Da un rapporto di Sonia Calvari, INGV, pubblicato sul VOLCANO Listserver:
«On 5 April, at 9:12 am local time, scientists from INGV-CT were doing a helicopter flight for the daily surveys with a portable thermal camera. ... Three vents along this surface were feeding small lava flows, and the summit craters of the volcano were producing a very diluted gas cloud. A few minutes after the start of the survey, the gas plume coming out from the craters and moved west by the strong wind was suddenly crossed by a reddish ash emission, that we interpreted as further collapses within the craters. However, the red ash was soon substituted by juvenile, darker material coming out from crater NE crater. This formed a hot jet with cauliflower shape rapidly growing above the crater. Two or three seconds later, SW crater also produced a hot jet of juvenile material. The eruptive process then evolved very rapidly, with jets from NE and SW craters joining.
A very powerful explosion took place, which pushed the helicopter away from the crater, suddenly increasing its velocity by 30 knots/hour. A mushroom-shaped dark cloud rose from the craters, expanding vertically up to an elevation of about 2 km a.s.l., 1 km above the volcano's summit. The eruptive cloud was surrounded at its base by a dark-grey cloud similar to a base-surge, while it was still expanding vertically and assuming the mushroom shape. Bombs, ash and blocks fell on the NE flank of the volcano above 400 m elevation, causing burning of the vegetation. Most of the ejecta were carried west by the wind. Some fell on Ginostra and damaged two houses. No people were injured by the event.
Continuing the helicopter survey after the paroxysm, we could observe that the lava flow field on the upper Sciara del Fuoco was completely covered by a brown carpet of debris ejected from crater 1 during the initial phase of the event. A very thick steam cloud was rising from this site, suggesting vaporisation of wet material above the still active lava flows. In the meanwhile, several alternating black and reddish pulses were taking place, mainly from SW crater. Several fingers of light-brown debris were expanding from the NW flank of NE crater along the middle part of the Sciara del Fuoco. The upper part of the volcano above 700 m elevation was completely covered by a continuous carpet of pyroclastic products. Pizzo Sopra La Fossa showed on the north flank a number of new fractures concave towards north and extending between the summit of the volcano and the south base of NE crater. The presence of these fractures makes it possible that new landslides can occur on the summit of the volcano.
Within a few minutes from the start of the paroxysm, the upper Sciara del Fuoco showed active flows emerging from the carpet of debris covering the lava flow field. The explosive event caused abundant emission of the so-called "golden pumice" mixed with little brown scoria. ... A helicopter survey carried out on 8 April showed four active vents pouring out lava on the upper Sciara del Fuoco at 590 m a.s.l.. Two of the flows were expanding along the middle Sciara del Fuoco, causing detachment of blocks from the flow front and little rock falls reaching the sea. Within the summit craters a thick carpet of debris has accumulated following the paroxysm of 5 April. This has reduced the craters depth of about 50 m thickness, causing partial obstruction.»
Marzo 2003