Richard Wright - The protagonist and narrator, Richard is an introspective and rebellious young man growing up in the racist Jim Crow South. He hungers for knowledge and freedom of expression, constantly questioning the oppressive societal norms around him. His curiosity and defiance often put him at odds with family members and authority figures.

Ella Wright - Richard's strong-willed mother, who faces immense hardship raising her children alone after being abandoned by her husband. Despite her struggles with poverty and illness, she is determined to provide for her family. Her strict discipline and resilience deeply influence Richard.

Nathan Wright - Richard's father, who deserts the family early in Richard's childhood, plunging them into poverty. His absence is a formative experience for Richard and represents the broader theme of abandonment.

Granny - Richard's grandmother, a devout Seventh-day Adventist, embodies the religious and moral constraints that Richard rebels against. Her harsh punishments and attempts to instill her beliefs in Richard create a tense conflict between them.

Aunt Addie - Granny's youngest daughter, who runs the Christian school Richard attends. Like Granny, she tries to discipline and impose her religious views on Richard, further fueling his resistance.

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