Looking down onto a prehistoric, but post-glacial, lava flow from Ngauruhoe on the floor of the lower Mangatepopo Valley. This telephoto view was taken from the new (2008) path to Mangatepopo Saddle, which now avoids the strenuous loose rocky scramble up the ‘Devil’s Staircase to the right. Late Glacial Maximum moraines capping eroded proglacial lavas from Tongariro are in the background (top).