Morrison, Toni: 1931 - 2019
Tar Baby, 1981 - Chapter Summaries
- The chapters are grouped into manageable sections.
- 1. Opening and Chapters 1–2: The island and its inhabitants
The novel opens with a Black sailor escaping from a ship and secretly boarding a smaller boat that takes him toward the Isle des Chevaliers in the Caribbean. The island contains a luxurious estate called L’Arbe de la Croix, owned by Valerian Street, a wealthy retired American businessman. Valerian lives there with his wife, Margaret, while their longtime Black employees, Sydney and Ondine Childs, manage the household. Their niece, Jadine Childs, is also staying at the estate after achieving success as a model and studying art history in Paris.The household appears comfortable, but its members conceal dissatisfaction and resentment. Valerian and Margaret have a strained marriage, and Margaret anxiously anticipates a visit from their son, Michael. Sydney and Ondine are loyal to their employers but recognize the inequalities in their relationship with the Streets. Jadine, meanwhile, enjoys her education, beauty, and professional success, although she is uncertain about her future. Her memories of encountering a striking Black woman in a yellow dress in Paris introduce the tension between her modern, Western identity and traditional ideas of Black womanhood.
- 2. Chapters 3–4: Son enters the household
The unexpected arrival of the Black sailor disrupts the household when Margaret discovers him hiding in her closet. The stranger, who later identifies himself as Son, is brought before Valerian, who unexpectedly welcomes him instead of immediately sending him away. Son's presence unsettles everyone because he does not fit into the household's established social hierarchy.Jadine encounters Son and is fascinated by him, although their first interactions are confrontational. Son questions her identity and challenges her apparent comfort with white society, while Jadine resents his assumptions about how a Black woman should behave. She is accustomed to making her own choices and does not appreciate his attempts to define her. Their attraction develops alongside their disagreements about race, gender, culture, and belonging.
Meanwhile, Margaret feels humiliated and frightened by Son's presence, particularly because Valerian appears more interested in entertaining him than in comforting her. The household's underlying conflicts become increasingly difficult to ignore as Son's arrival exposes the tensions between appearance and reality.
- 3. Chapters 5–6: Christmas dinner and the revelation about Michael
As Christmas approaches, the household's fragile peace deteriorates. Valerian's decision to dismiss Gideon and Thérèse, two Black workers who have taken apples for their holiday celebrations, angers Son. Son argues that the workers helped produce the household's wealth and should not be punished for taking a small amount of food. His challenge forces the others to confront the unfairness of Valerian's authority.During Christmas dinner, the argument grows more intense, and Ondine finally reveals a secret she has kept for years: Margaret physically abused Michael when he was a child. She explains that Margaret hurt her son with pins and burning cigarettes, while Sydney and Ondine remained silent because they feared the consequences of confronting their employers. The revelation shocks the household and destroys the comfortable image of the Street family.
Margaret admits to her past behavior and attempts to explain the emotional difficulties she experienced as a young mother, but her explanations do not erase the harm she caused. Valerian is forced to recognize that his apparent innocence was partly the result of refusing to notice what happened around him. The dinner also exposes the unequal relationship between the Streets and the Childses, as Ondine finally speaks openly against the people who employ her.
After the confrontation, Jadine and Son become closer, although their attraction does not resolve their deeper differences.
- 4. Chapters 7–8: Jadine and Son in New Yorkth
After leaving the island, Jadine returns to New York, where she feels comfortable among her friends and within the world she has built for herself. Son follows her, and the two begin a passionate relationship. Away from the Streets' estate, they learn more about each other's pasts and experience a period of happiness and intimacy. Jadine introduces Son to her social circle, while Son shares memories of his upbringing and experiences.Despite their love for each other, their different expectations gradually create conflict. Jadine values independence, professional success, and the freedom to shape her own future. Son longs for a life connected to his Southern hometown of Eloe and to the Black community and traditions he believes Jadine has abandoned. He struggles to understand her desire to succeed in a predominantly white world, while she becomes frustrated by his expectations of her.
At the same time, the events surrounding Christmas continue to affect the Streets. Margaret attempts to repair her relationships with Valerian and Ondine, while Valerian begins to understand that his detachment allowed serious wrongdoing to remain hidden. His comfortable life can no longer shield him from the consequences of his choices.
- 5. Later chapters: The relationship begins to break down
As their relationship continues, Jadine and Son increasingly attempt to change one another rather than accept their differences. Son wants Jadine to embrace the Black cultural traditions and communal responsibilities that shape his understanding of identity. He questions her admiration for Western ideals of beauty, status, and success. Jadine, however, sees his expectations as restrictive and believes that she should not have to sacrifice her independence to prove her cultural authenticity.Their arguments become more intense, revealing that their attraction cannot overcome their incompatible visions of the future. Son's desire for a traditional relationship conflicts with Jadine's determination to control her own life. Jadine begins to feel that Son does not love her entirely as an individual, but rather as an ideal of Black womanhood that she does not wish to embody.
Eventually, their disagreements turn increasingly destructive, and Jadine ends the relationship. She leaves Son because she cannot accept the life he imagines for her. Their separation demonstrates the difficulty of reconciling individual freedom with cultural belonging when both partners believe the other must change.
- 6. The return to Isle des Chevaliers: Jadine confronts her family
After separating from Son, Jadine returns to the island, initially intending to stay only briefly before continuing to Europe. She discovers that Valerian is ill and that the household has changed since the Christmas confrontation. Margaret and Valerian can no longer maintain their former routines, and Ondine is increasingly concerned about the future.Jadine's reunion with Ondine leads to a painful argument about family obligations, cultural identity, and the sacrifices women make for those they love. Ondine expects Jadine to recognize the importance of family and to appreciate the support she has received throughout her life. Jadine resists the suggestion that she must repay this support by accepting a conventional role in the family or giving up her ambitions.
The disagreement exposes a generational difference between the two women. Ondine values family loyalty, shared responsibility, and the survival of their community, whereas Jadine fears that these expectations will limit her freedom. Although she loves her aunt and uncle, she cannot reconcile their expectations with the life she wants to lead. She eventually leaves the island again.
- 7. Final chapters: Son's pursuit and the ambiguous ending
Son cannot accept the end of his relationship with Jadine and follows her back to the Caribbean. He learns that she has already left the island and considers pursuing her to Paris. Thérèse, who has her own understanding of the island's history and spiritual traditions, offers Son a different possibility. She takes him by boat toward Isle des Chevaliers and suggests that he can either continue searching for Jadine or join the mysterious chevaliers associated with the island.Son chooses to go ashore and runs toward the island's interior. The novel ends without confirming whether he will find Jadine or whether they will reunite. His final movement suggests that he remains committed to his own understanding of identity, community, and belonging, even as his relationship with Jadine remains unresolved.
The ending preserves the central conflict of the novel rather than offering a simple resolution. Jadine and Son represent competing approaches to Black identity: individual freedom and self-definition on one side, and cultural memory and communal belonging on the other. Morrison leaves readers to consider whether these approaches can coexist without one person sacrificing their sense of self.