One significant inspiration to write “Death of a Salesman” was his uncle, Manny Newman, a salesman who maintained an optimistic facade despite his professional and personal failures. This relationship deeply influenced Miller’s creation of Willy Loman, the protagonist of the play, who embodies the struggles and illusions of the American Dream.

Miller’s own experiences during the Great Depression also played a crucial role in shaping the themes of the play. His family’s financial struggles during this period made him acutely aware of the harsh realities faced by many working-class Americans.

Additionally, Miller had been contemplating a story about a salesman for many years. He initially wrote a short story about an aging salesman during his youth, which he later revisited and expanded into “Death of a Salesman.”

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The American Dream
The play is a scathing critique of the American Dream and the false promise that hard work and being "well-liked" will lead to success and wealth. Willy Loman's obsessive pursuit of this dream leads to his downfall and tragic demise.

Father-Son Relationships
The strained relationship between Willy and his sons Biff and Happy is a central focus. Willy's unrealistic expectations and Biff's disillusionment with his father's values create deep rifts in their bond.

Identity and Self-Delusion
Willy struggles with his sense of self-worth, living in denial about his failures as a salesman and father. His inability to separate reality from illusion ultimately destroys him.

Abandonment of Values
Willy abandons moral principles like honesty in his quest for success, even encouraging Biff's thievery. This ethical decay poisons his family relationships.

Societal Pressures and Conformity
The play examines the immense societal pressures to conform to conventional measures of success, which Willy internalizes at the cost of his humanity.

Symbolism and Literary Devices
Miller employs symbolism (the seeds, diamonds, stockings), as well as dramatic techniques like flashbacks and dream sequences to explore Willy's fragmented psyche.

In summary, "Death of a Salesman" is a profound commentary on the dark side of the American Dream and the toll it can take on individuals and families when pursued at all costs.

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"Death of a Salesman" is widely regarded as one of the greatest American plays of the 20th century. Its reception at the time of its debut was overwhelmingly positive, earning critical acclaim and commercial success.

Critics praised Miller's innovative use of time, memory, and fantasy, which blended seamlessly to reflect the protagonist Willy Loman's mental state. The non-linear narrative and expressionistic elements were seen as groundbreaking.

Audiences were moved by the play's emotional depth and the tragic plight of Willy Loman. Many saw their own struggles and aspirations reflected in the characters' experiences.

Over the decades, "Death of a Salesman" has maintained its relevance, being continually performed and adapted in various formats. Its themes remain pertinent, contributing to its enduring popularity.

The play influenced subsequent generations of playwrights and remains a staple in the study of American literature and drama. Its innovative techniques and poignant themes continue to inspire and resonate.

Overall, "Death of a Salesman" was, and continues to be, perceived as a powerful and innovative work that offers a deep and critical look at American life and values. Its success and influence have solidified its place as a cornerstone of American theater.

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