Sue Monk Kidd was inspired to write "The Invention of Wings" after discovering the lives of Sarah and Angelina Grimké, two 19th-century abolitionists and early advocates for women’s rights, during a visit to a Judy Chicago exhibit at the Brooklyn Museum in 2007. The Grimké sisters’ story resonated deeply with Kidd, particularly because they came from Charleston, South Carolina, where she was living at the time.

Kidd felt it was essential to intertwine Sarah’s narrative with that of an enslaved woman to fully explore the world of slavery and freedom through multiple perspectives. This led to the creation of Hetty “Handful,” a fictional enslaved character whose life is entwined with Sarah’s.

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Slavery and Abolition
The novel provides a vivid portrayal of the harsh realities of slavery in the antebellum American South through the experiences of the character Handful, an urban slave in early 19th century Charleston. It depicts the cruelties inflicted upon enslaved people as well as their acts of resistance and pursuit of freedom. The story also follows the real-life figure Sarah Grimké, one of the earliest abolition agents and advocates against slavery.

Women's Rights and Feminism
In addition to her abolitionist efforts, Sarah Grimké, along with her sister Angelina, emerged as pioneering voices in the early women's rights movement, advocating for greater equality and empowerment for women. The novel examines the limited roles and oppression faced by women, especially in the patriarchal society of the American South during that era.

Friendship and Sisterhood
The novel explores the complex relationship and bond that develops between Sarah and Handful, transcending the constraints of their respective social positions as a wealthy daughter and an enslaved servant. It also highlights the importance of sisterhood through the real-life partnership of Sarah and Angelina Grimké in their activism.

Literacy and Education
A central act of defiance in the story is Sarah's decision to teach Handful to read and write, which was illegal for enslaved people at the time. The novel underscores the power of literacy and education as means of empowerment and resistance against oppression.

In crafting this multi-layered narrative inspired by historical figures and events, Kidd deftly weaves together the intertwined struggles for racial equality, women's rights, and human dignity in the face of formidable societal barriers.

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The novel is praised for its rich historical context and exploration of important themes such as slavery, women's rights, and the fight for freedom and equality.

Critics and readers often highlight the depth and development of the characters.

"The Invention of Wings" has been used in educational settings to discuss historical and social issues, making it a popular choice for book clubs and discussions on American history and social justice.

Overall, "The Invention of Wings" is perceived as a significant literary work that combines historical fiction with deep social commentary, resonating with a wide audience for its compelling storytelling and thematic relevance.

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