Williams, Tennessee: 1911-1983
A Streetcar Named Desire, 1947 - Information about the Book
- General Information
- On December 3, 1947, "A Streetcar Named Desire" opened at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre in New York City.
- The play is a study of the mental and moral ruin of Blanche DuBois, a former Southern belle, whose genteel pretensions are no match for the harsh realities symbolized by her brutish brother-in-law. It also presents a sharp critique of the way the institutions and attitudes of postwar America placed restrictions on women's lives.
- Information from Wikipedia
- Information from StageAgent
- Information from Encyclopedia
- Facts
- Williams called the streetcar the “ideal metaphor for the human condition.” The play's title refers not only to a real streetcar line in New Orleans but also symbolically to the power of desire as the driving force behind the characters' actions.
Some of the most notable awards are:Pulitzer Prize for Drama (1948): "A Streetcar Named Desire" won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1948, recognizing its profound impact on American theater and its exploration of complex themes.
New York Drama Critics' Circle Award for Best Play (1948): The play also received the prestigious New York Drama Critics' Circle Award for Best Play, further cementing its critical acclaim.
Tony Awards: The original Broadway production of "A Streetcar Named Desire" won the Tony Award for Best Scenic Design.
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- Characters
- Character Analysis of Blanche Dubois
- Relationships of the characters
- The Role of Stella, BWO English Literature
- The Role of Mitch, BWO English Literature
- Motifs
- Symbols
- Declining Southern Aristocracy
The character of Blanche DuBois represents the fading Southern aristocracy and its outdated values clashing with the harsh realities of the modern world, embodied by her brutish brother-in-law Stanley Kowalski. The play depicts the decline of the once-wealthy Southern belle and her inability to adapt to the changing social landscape.Sexuality and Desire
The play's title itself refers to the streetcar named "Desire," symbolizing the characters' repressed sexual desires and passions. Blanche's promiscuity and Stanley's animalistic sexuality are portrayed in a frank and explicit manner, challenging the conservative norms of the era.Mental Illness and Fragility
Blanche's mental instability and descent into madness are central to the play's narrative. Her fragile psyche and inability to cope with the harsh realities of life lead to her eventual breakdown and commitment to a mental institution, highlighting the stigma surrounding mental illness at the time.Domestic Violence and Abuse
The play's climax, where Stanley rapes Blanche, is a shocking and brutal depiction of domestic violence and sexual assault. This scene brought attention to the often-overlooked issue of spousal abuse and the vulnerability of women in patriarchal societies.Class Conflict
The clash between Blanche's upper-class background and Stanley's working-class status represents the broader societal tensions and class divides prevalent in post-World War II America. The play explores the erosion of traditional class boundaries and the struggles of individuals caught in this transition."A Streetcar Named Desire" was groundbreaking in its unflinching portrayal of these controversial topics, challenging societal norms and paving the way for more open discussions about sexuality, mental health, and domestic violence on the American stage.
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- The play is widely regarded as one of the greatest works of American theater.
Critical Acclaim
The play was highly praised by critics. It won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1948 and received acclaim for its powerful storytelling, complex characters, and emotional depth. Critics lauded Williams for his ability to capture the human condition and the nuances of psychological conflict.Themes
Audiences and critics were struck by the play's exploration of themes such as mental illness, sexuality, and class conflict. The depiction of Blanche's descent into madness and Stanley's brute strength and animalistic behavior were both shocking and captivating.Cultural Impact
Over the years, "A Streetcar Named Desire" has maintained its status as a classic. It has been studied in schools and universities for its rich themes, characterizations, and innovative use of language. The play is often referenced in discussions about American drama and literature.Continued Relevance
The themes of "A Streetcar Named Desire" continue to resonate with modern audiences. Issues of mental health, the complexity of human relationships, and societal expectations remain relevant, making the play a timeless piece.Production and Adaptations
The play has seen numerous revivals and adaptations over the decades, including stage productions, films, and even opera. Each new production brings its own interpretation, showcasing the play's versatility and enduring appeal.Overall, "A Streetcar Named Desire" is perceived as a landmark in American theater, celebrated for its rich characterizations, thematic depth, and significant influence on the performing arts.
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Introduction to the play. With more videos. John McRae, Nottingham University - Commentary
A Streetcar Named Desire is one of the greatest and most influential literary works of the 20th century. Volumes have been written about the author’s use of poetic imagery and the play’s superb balance between humor and tragedy. In addition, we have in the character of Blanche Dubois a fully realized, perfectly convincing case study in psychopathology. This was surely influenced by the author’s sister Rose, who provided inspiration as well for his earlier The Glass Menagerie, and who, following a prefrontal lobotomy, spent the remainder of her life institutionalized.
From the outset of the play, Blanche is aware she has got to “keep ahold of myself” (p. 10). She won’t be seen in the light, indulges in a nip (or two) of liquor, and soothes herself with therapeutic baths (hydrotherapy had been a popular 19th-century treatment for anxiety). Later, she fantasizes herself in a relationship with an old college beau, Shep Huntleigh, who, she claims, is now an oil millionaire. As the tension in the house escalates, her fanciful notions multiply. The author increasingly employs descriptions such as “hysterically,” “nervously” and “neurasthenic.” We witness Blanche in an inappropriate sexual encounter with an underage delivery boy; soon afterwards she employs the ego defense mechanism of reaction formation in her prudish behavior towards Mitch. We also see her experience a traumatic flashback of her husband’s suicide. Finally, we watch her regress to a childlike state, and her rescue by the fatherly, benevolent figure of the doctor.
Glass, Guy
Excerpted, with permission, from the Literature, Arts, and Medicine Database at New York University School of Medicine, © New York University. - Video (6:47)
Marlon Brando and Jessica Tandy took to the stage for the Broadway premier of A Streetcar Named Desire. We hear the two actors in an excerpt from the legendary 1947 production. NPR Radio; December 3, 2005
Transcript - Audio (8:30)
Debbie Elliott explores the origin of the play. With its raw sexuality, A Streetcar Named Desire broke taboos on stage and screen. It also brought one of the most famous lines ever shouted on film: "Stellaaaaa!". NPR Radio; September 23, 2002 - How "A Streetcar Named Desire" traveled beyond Elysian Fields to the entire world: "The play's reflection of a crumbling social order appealed as much to Latin America, postwar Europe, and beyond as it did to US audiences. Productions in Brazil, Cuba, and Mexico were immediately staged in 1948, and within 10 years, important productions had appeared in Greece, Italy, London, Paris, Sweden, Japan, and Korea, and Farsi and Arabic translations were published." Mark Cave; March 17, 2022
- "Streetcar" is not a text—it is a play that electrifies the theatre. Will Norman, University of Kent; April 20, 2021
- Literary and Social Context
- A Lecture on Tennessee Williams's A Streetcar Named Desire. John Pistelli, Contemporary American Literature; Spring 2021
- Part One
- Part Two
- Part One
- Audio (1:26)